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CSCE 236 Embedded Systems, Spring 2014
Lab 6
Wednesday, April 9th, 2014
Names of Group Members:
Note that the people you work with today will be those you will work with for the final project. Groups should be 2-3 people.
1 Instructions
This is a group assignment to work on during class. You only
need to hand in one copy of this, but make sure that the names of all
of your group members are on this sheet to receive credit. Complete
all of the sections below and make sure to get the
instructor or TA to sign off where required.
2 I2C Inter-Robot Communication
In this section we will modify the sample I2C code from the Arduino
library to enable bi-directional communication between two Arduinos
connected together. The Arduino calls their I2C library
Wire1.
Look at the Arduino example code for the Wire library,
in particular the master_writer and slave_receiver.
Now, connect your Arduinos' I2C buses together. First, you must
connect the grounds of the two boards together (to give them the same
voltage reference). Then connect the SCL and SDA pins together. SCL
is on pin A5 and SDA is pin A4 (they are also available above the AREF
pin if you prefer). Test the master_writer and
slave_receiver to verify that they function together correctly.
Checkoff: Show the sample Arduino code working on your Arduinos.
It turns out that with I2C a device can be both a master and a
slave. Now, write code so that when one of the buttons is pressed,
the light on the other Arduino will turn on. To do this, you simply
need take the slave_receiver code and in the main loop add a
transmission (same as from master_writer) whenever the button
is pressed or released. You can use identical code on each Arduino,
just make sure you switch the addresses. In addition to turning on
the other's LED, print over the serial port "my button pressed" and
"other button pressed." Note, you should not send this whole string over
I2C, you should just send a single character (e.g. 'p' for pressed).
Checkoff: Show the code turning on and off the other Arduino's LED and
the serial printing. Note that it should work from board A to B and
from B to A.
3 Range Finder
In this section you will start using a VCNL 4000 range sensor
(it also has an ambient light sensor), which is an I2C device. The
stated range for this sensor is 20cm, although it typically works best
for measuring distances under 10-15cm. The datasheet and example code
are linked to on the course website.
3.1 I2C Communication Library
Download the code, datasheet, and application note for this sensor
from the course website. Briefly read through these documents before
trying the code. With the power disconnected, hook up your sensor to
the Arduino. You will first need to determine which pins on the
Arduino are the SDA and SCL pins. Make sure you connect the
yellow 3.3V line ONLY to the 3.3V supply on the Arduino and NOT to
the 5V line.
Test the sample code and perform some basic characterization of the
sensor (for the final project you will need to do more).
Checkoff: What value do you obtain when the sensor is very close (1cm)
to an object? What about when it is further? Is the relationship
between value and distance linear? What happens if you aim two
sensors near each other (as could happen in the final project
competition)?
4 Final Project Preview
For the final project your team will compete against other teams in a
modified capture the flag-type environment. Each robot will start
guarding an exit of a "room" and the goal will be to get out of the
opposite exit before your opponent2. There will be a black line on the
ground connecting the two exits that you can follow to the exit. There
will also be walls at least 3 inches high surrounding the environment.
You are free to modify your robots, but please make sure all of the
components I gave you are returned in working condition. You must
also fall within the following constraints:
- You robot must be fully autonomous (no user input once a game has started).
- You can use servos/sensors/etc from up to 2 of the robot kits.
- You can use other passive mechanical devices, but no other electronics/sensors/etc.
- The dimensions of your robot cannot exceed 20x14x14 centimeters and cannot be more than 500g.
- You can power your robot from either the wall power I supplied
or batteries; however, be aware if you draw too much power from
either of these your robot may reset itself.
Note that these are preliminary requirements and there may be
minor modifications in the final project description.
There will also be a number of checkpoints associated with the
competition. The first will be wall following using the range finder
to follow a wall for at least 50cm. This checkpoint will be due in
class on Friday, April 18th. Get started on this once you complete the
above lab.
Footnotes:
1I2C is generically known as a "two-wire
interface" (TWI) because using the I2C name used to require
paying a licensing fee. SMBus is a stricter subset of the I2C
protocol and is often used on computer motherboards to communicate
with low-speed peripherals (e.g. a temperature sensor on the
motherboard). In other words, there are three names (I2C, TWI,
SMBus) that all refer to basically the same interface and
protocol.
2If neither robot exits within the time limit, then the robot closest to its exit wins.
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